Comparison of Precision Ceramic Material Properties

Not sure which ceramic material suits your application?
Use our interactive ceramic material comparison chart to compare ceramic materials based on different material properties.


Click the Property Button above to view the corresponding property comparison of precision ceramic materials
*The values ​​in the table are typical material properties

Detailed specifications of common precision ceramic materials

Zirconia ceramics
Alumina ceramics
Silicon nitride ceramic
Aluminum nitride ceramic
Silicon Carbide Ceramic
Macor Ceramic
Boron Nitride Ceramic

Zirconia(ZrO2) ceramics

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Primary characteristics

Type Unit Zirconia Zirconia(ZrO2-MgO)
Material \ 94.4%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94.4%
ZrO2-MgO
Colour \ White Black Blue Yellow
Density g/cm3 6 5.6 6 5.7

Mechanical properties

Type Unit Zirconia Zirconia(ZrO2-MgO)
Material \ 94.4%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94.4%
ZrO2-MgO
Colour \ White Black Blue Yellow
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 800 710 900 500
Compressive Strength(20℃) Mpa 2000 2000 2000 2500
Modulus of Elastic(young)(20℃) Gpa 200 210 220 250
Tracture Toughness(20℃) MPam½ 9 8 8 6
Poi sion’s Ratio(20℃) \ 0.3 0.3 0.3
Hardness HRA(20℃) HRA 88 85 90
Vickers Hardness(HV1) kg/mm2 1175 1100 1220 1100
Rockwell Hardness(45N) R45N 78 75 78

Thermal properties

Type Unit Zirconia Zirconia(ZrO2-MgO)
Material \ 94.4%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94.4%
ZrO2-MgO
Colour \ White Black Blue Yellow
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6K-1 9.6 9.5 10 10
Thermal Conductivity W/mk 2.5 3 3 3
Thermal Shock Resistance △T.℃ 250 300 300 450
Specific Heat Capacity J/g·k 0.46 0.48 0.46
Max working Temperature(In Oxidizing) ℃ 800 800 800 2100

Electrical properties

Type Unit Zirconia Zirconia(ZrO2-MgO)
Material \ 94.4%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94%
ZrO2-Y2O3		 94.4%
ZrO2-MgO
Colour \ White Black Blue Yellow
Vol une Resistivity at 20℃ Ωcm 1014 1010 1014 1014
Dielectric Strength KV/mm 13 13 13 13
Dielectric Constant \ 28 28 28 28
Dielectric LossAngle at 20℃,1MHz20℃ tanδ 17*10-4 17*10-4 17*10-4 17*10-4

Alumina(Al2O3) ceramics

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Primary characteristics

Type Unit Alumina
Material \ 95%
Al2O3		 96%
Al2O3		 99%
Al2O3		 99.5%
Al2O3		 99.7%
Al2O3
Colour \ White White Ivory White Ivory White Ivory White
Density g/cm3 3.7 3.7 3.85 3.9 3.9

Mechanical properties

Type Unit Alumina
Material \ 95%
Al2O3		 96%
Al2O3		 99%
Al2O3		 99.5%
Al2O3		 99.7%
Al2O3
Colour \ White White Ivory White Ivory White Ivory White
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 300 300 330 360 380
Compressive Strength(20℃) Mpa 2000 2000 2000 2350
Modulus of Elastic(young)(20℃) Gpa 270 275 370 370 380
Tracture Toughness(20℃) MPam½ 3.5 3.5 4 4
Poi sion’s Ratio(20℃) \ 0.2 0.22 0.22
Hardness HRA(20℃) HRA 90 90 90
Vickers Hardness(HV1) kg/mm2 1600 1600 1600 1650 1750
Rockwell Hardness(45N) R45N 83.5 83.5 83.5

Thermal properties

Type Unit Alumina
Material \ 95%
Al2O3		 96%
Al2O3		 99%
Al2O3		 99.5%
Al2O3		 99.7%
Al2O3
Colour \ White White Ivory White Ivory White Ivory White
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6K-1 6.5 6.5 7.6 7.2 7.2
Thermal Conductivity W/mk 20 25 27.5 32 32
Thermal Shock Resistance △T.℃ 200 200 200 250
Specific Heat Capacity J/g·k 0.79 0.78 0.79
Max working Temperature(In Oxidizing) ℃ 1600 1600 1650 1650

Electrical properties

Type Unit Alumina
Material \ 95%
Al2O3		 96%
Al2O3		 99%
Al2O3		 99.5%
Al2O3		 99.7%
Al2O3
Colour \ White White Ivory White Ivory White Ivory White
Vol une Resistivity at 20℃ Ωcm 1014 1014 1014 1014 1014
Dielectric Strength KV/mm 10 10 10 15 15
Dielectric Constant \ 9 9 9.1 9.9 9.9
Dielectric LossAngle at 20℃,1MHz20℃ tanδ 3*10-4 2*10-4 3*10-4 1*10-4 1*10-4

Silicon nitride(Si3N4) ceramic

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Physical properties

Material Properties & Physical Performance Units Typical Values
Density g/cm3 >3.2
Hardness HRA90
Vickers Hardness (Hv50) HV0.5 >1550
Modulus of Elasticity Gpa 290
Flexural Strength Mpa >600
Compressive Strength Mpa 2500
racture toughness Mpam1/2 >6.0

Thermal properties

The rmodynamic property Units Typical Values
Maximum Use Temperature ℃ 1200
Thermal Conductivity W/(m·K) 15-20
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6/℃ >3.1
Thermal Shock Resistance △T℃ 500
Specific Heat Capacity KJ/kg.K 700

Electrical properties

Electricl Protperties Units Typical Values
Dielectric Strength KV/mm 1
Dielectric Constant
Volume Resistivity at 20°C Ω.cm 1.0×1012

Aluminum nitride(AlN) ceramic

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Primary characteristics

Type Unit Aluminum Nitride
Material \ ALN
Colour \ Gray
Density g/cm3 3.3

Mechanical properties

Type Unit Aluminum Nitride
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 470
Compressive Strength(20℃) Mpa 2100
Modulus of Elastic(young)(20℃) Gpa 320
Tracture Toughness(20℃) MPam½ 2.6
Poi sion’s Ratio(20℃) \ 0.24
Hardness HRA(20℃) HRA 87
Vickers Hardness(HV1) Gpa(kg/mm2) 1122
Rockwell Hardness(45N) R45N 78.5

Thermal properties

Type Unit Aluminum Nitride
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6K-1 4.6
Thermal Conductivity(20℃) W/mk 170
Thermal Shock Resistance △T.℃ 400
Specific Heat Capacity J/g·k 0.72
Max working Temperature(In Oxidizing) ℃ 1000

Electrical properties

Type Unit Aluminum Nitride
Vol une Resistivity at 20℃ Ωcm 2.75*1014
Dielectric Strength KV/mm 17
Dielectric Constant \ 8.38
Dielectric LossAngle at 20℃,1MHz20℃ tanδ 3*10-3

Silicon Carbide(SiC) Ceramic

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Primary characteristics

Type Unit Silicon Carbide
Material \ SiC
Colour \ Black
Density g/cm3 3.1

Mechanical properties

Type Unit Silicon Carbide
Material \ SiC
Colour \ Black
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 400
Compressive Strength(20℃) Mpa 2600
Modulus of Elastic(young)(20℃) Gpa 410
Tracture Toughness(20℃) MPam½ 4
Poi sion’s Ratio(20℃) \ 0.16
Vickers Hardness(HV1) Gpa(kg/mm2) 2100
Rockwell Hardness(45N) R45N 88

Thermal properties

Type Unit Silicon Carbide
Material \ SiC
Colour \ Black
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6K-1 4
Thermal Conductivity W/mk 100
Thermal Shock Resistance △T.℃ 400
Specific Heat Capacity J/g·k 0.67
Max working Temperature(In Oxidizing) ℃ 1600

Electrical properties

Type Unit Silicon Carbide
Material \ SiC
Colour \ Black
Vol une Resistivity at 20℃ Ωcm 105

Macor Ceramic

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Physical properties

Material Properties & Physical Performance Units Typical Values
Colour white
Density g/cm3 2.6
Gas permeability 0
Water Absorption % 0.00%
Hardness R45N 40
Vickers Hardness (Load 500g) Gpa(Kg/mm²) 11.5(1175)
Modulus of Elasticity(25℃) Gpa 65
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 108
Compressive Strength(20℃) Mpa 488

Thermal properties

The rmodynamic property Units Typical Values
Maximum Use Temperature ℃ 800
Thermal Conductivity(25℃) W/(m·K) 1.71
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 10-6/℃ 7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance △T℃ 200

Electrical properties

Electricl Protperties Units Typical Values
Dielectric Strength KV/mm 30
Volume Resistivity at 20°C Ω.cm 1016

Boron Nitride Ceramic

*Some content and parameters are for reference only; our company can customize ceramic properties and processing according to customer requirements.

Physical properties

Material Properties & Physical Performance Units Typical Values
Colour white
Density g/cm3 1.95±0.05
BN Puriy % 99.5
Hardness Kg/mm² 4
Porosity % 15
Flexural Strength(20℃) Mpa 22

Thermal properties

The rmodynamic property Units Typical Values
Maximum Use Temperature Oxygen-rich environment 850℃
2000℃
Thermal Conductivity(25℃) W/(m·K) 50-70
Thermal Expansion Coefficient(25℃-1900℃) 10-6/K 1-1.2

Electrical properties

Electricl Protperties Units Typical Values
RT Resistivity Ω.cm 1416

Guiding Questions for Material Selection

For your application in choosing the most suitable material, you may need to consider the following questions:

  1. What is the importance of mechanical performance?
  2. Will the parts experience wear, friction, or impact?
  3. How many units of the initial production batch are desired?
  4. Will the parts operate in an inert or oxidizing environment?
  5. What is the maximum operating temperature for the components?
  6. Will the components be subject to thermal shock?
  7. Is electrical insulation critical?
  8. How important is thermal conductivity?
  9. What is the significance of tolerances and surface finish?
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